Bradman’s Last Innings Context

BRADMAN’S LAST INNINGS CONTEXT Sir Donald Bradman, born in 1908, is the most renowned and respected of Australian cricketers who, although of retiring demeanour, attained heroic stature in the interwar period and captained Australia in test matches against England from 1936 to 1948. He represents an era, long gone, when sportsmen were gentlemen and the love of a game, not dubious ‘star' status and huge financial rewards, was the inducement to play. In this way, too, he represents an Australia that has now receded into the romantic past, when the kind of man he was and the principles he espoused embodied a unified nation's beliefs about itself an understated confidence, even in hard times, a sense of fair play and a simplicity (sophisticates, today, would say ‘a simplemindedness) about life and its purposes. The affection of that society for Bradman was enunciated in the opening phrase of the popular song that was written about him: ‘Our Don Bradman'. Foulcher recalls the cricketer's reputation, in this poem, and subjects it to his keen poet's scrutiny. ‘Bradman's last innings' is framed by the event commemorated in the title – Bradman's last appearance at the crease, and the irony of his unceremonious dismissal, on that occasion, without a single run to his credit: Bowled for a duck, you could have asked for better†¦. At the end of the poem, the experience of his last match is more bitterly registered four runs short of that century / average, at the last, betrayed by your own game – as the cruel summation of a brilliant career. Between, Foulcher sketches the great batsman's life in the context of its significance in Australian history and the momentous national and world events of the earlier part of this century. In making these connections, the poet indicates the national and international renown of Bradman in these tumultuous years. During the grim time of the Great Depression, in the 1930s, ‘so many came to see you', and were momentarily lifted out of their gloom by his skill forgetting the dole queues, the homes dull with a long democracy. Foulcher's political comment here is apt in the historical setting of the vigorous challenges to democracy, by Communism and Fascism, especially in Europe, in those days. Australia, though suffering from the worldwide economic slump, was all but immune from such ideological ferment. The adjective ‘dull' indicates, critically, the sleepiness of the Australian backwater and sets the excitement of Bradman's appearances both against that dullness and, in praise of old Australia's isolation and detachment, against the grim excitements of Hitler and Stalin, occurring on the other side of the world. It is an ambiguous compliment, however: while the rest of humanity was being stirred politically, Australians were being distracted by sport. It is a criticism that remains relevant. During the Second World War, Bradman remained an inspiration, though Foulcher, in speaking of women waiting for their Saturday oval husbands does remind us – again, with a touch of criticism – of the sexual inequalities of that society. There is something ambiguous, too, about these ‘husbands'. It is not their wives, precisely, who wait for them – but ‘women'. Are these the men, not at war for a variety of reasons, some valid, some not so, who were reviled (as non-fighting men always are, in wartime) and who often replaced, in women's affections, the absent husbands? If so, the world in which Bradman continued to be a hero, for such people as these, was by no means as innocent as the game he played. CFAIRJONES KGS 2010 After the war, once again he ‘padded up' – an icon of constancy in a changing society. But now, the disjunction between what Bradman represented and the world that came to see him is vast. In Foulcher's analysis (as, indeed, in those of many historical commentators), the moral principles of western civilisation seemed to have been finally destroyed by that conflict, which climaxed in the atomic bomb. Yet Bradman perpetuated the old ideals: you gave people / something the world lacked: rules to / play by, winners, clear white flannels // sharp against the green turf. However, even this image of perfection (beautifully visualised in that crisp whiteness and brilliant green) is imperfect – and, even more disturbingly, Foulcher argues that all ideal conceptions are fallible, in an insistent repetition: But it never works out, never – as he recalls that even Bradman fell short, at the last, of the achievement expected of him. Addressed directly to Sir Donald – in the use of the second person singular – Foulcher's poem is unique in combining at once a tribute and a lament. He is not bent on diminishing the generations' celebration of Bradman's greatness, but his honesty is such that he must set that achievement in the larger context of his interpretation of the human condition – of fate. In other words, with rare poise, Foulcher both communicates the almost mythological stature of Bradman and the fact of the even greater forces in human life – here articulated through the betrayal which cricket, personified, inflicts on its champion – from which even heroes are not immune. CFAIRJONES KGS 2010

The Story of Salt

The book suggested for this book report is â€Å"The story of salt† written by the author Mark Kurlansky. The book in whole educates people about the significance of a simple element â€Å"salt†. This book is not just for the adults but also for the teenagers and the primary level students. This book introduces the readers with the common facts that had been off-beat. This book is reviewed on a large scale and recommended by many of its readers. About the author: The author of this book Mark Kurlansky is well-known among the book lovers. He has been awarded with the James Beard Award for Excellence in Food Writing. His many writing includes â€Å"A biography of fish which changed the view. And this is an achievement in itself, if a book writer really changes one’s perspective towards any subject (The Random House Group, 2009). The most common feature in his books is salt. Just for the sake of knowing the facts about salt and how does this substance can really change the contemporary picture of the world, he travelled to many countries in the world. The countries he visited are China, Middle East, and Africa. Mark Kurlansky writing pieces includes, â€Å"The big oyster†, â€Å"The last fish tale†, â€Å"1968 (the year when the world was rocked) and many more† (Random House, INC, 2009). These writing pieces by the author have focused the food and greatly salt. In this paper will discuss his book â€Å"The story of the salt† About the book: This book deals with the ubiquitous and such a simple substance, salt. How salt helped the civilizations to evolve and how it bring change in the economy in the World. Salt is the substance which can make a country become the most powerful. In this book the significance of the salt tells all the facts and secrets has been revealed. Salt is most important to superpowers like America to control the world. This book reveals that how important salt is for the human body. Illustrations: This book contains many vibrant, attention-grabbing and supportive illustrations with text which made it easy for the readers to understand the importance of the simple substance salt. There are illustrations symbolizing the different civilization and the use of the salt in their era. Main Idea: At first when salt was used in the meals with meat and other types of meat (white meat, beef) but its industrial use got raise when salt was discovered as the best preservative. And that’s when the use of the salt became more common. Almost every state’s economy is greatly affected (in raise or loss) by the frozen food because of the new trends of intake of food. America in particular has the industry of frozen food selling on the highest score (Kurlansky, 2006). The question that arises in our minds is that if the salt was not discovered as a preservative, then how it would be the state of the frozen food cultured economies? This shows the evident importance of the salt in the economic affairs of the state. Did you ever thought about when using the table salt? In this book Mark provided records of the first use of salt different countries. For example, China started its production for salt nearly 8000 B. C before. Mark introduces to the foodie culture of China that they sprinkle salt rightly on their food (Kurlansky, 2006). This book also deals with many famous bodies from the history involved in the history of salt. For example, Gandhi was the one who broke the law of Britain regarding salt which damaged their trade of salt. Another example from the book is of Clarence Birdseye. He is the biggest name in the market of frozen foods (Kurlansky, 2006). This book also tells about the phenomenon of colonialism which was greatly affected or being revolutionized by the salt. The salt trade helped those states which had their salt sources on the list. And when war broke out, the colonists had to find their mass of salt in order to track back their colonialism (Kurlansky, 2006). Mark in this book takes us back to the beginning of the time when prior to civilizations, men as a vagrant and rolling stone use to wonder in the world to find the salt masses which was and is necessary for the human bodies. In the search men discovered many other natural resources so titling that salt was the reason behind the discoveries of world’s many important land recourses (Kurlansky, 2006). This book holds record from all the international history as well as political history of different states and how these states gathered their sources on the basis of mass of salts. Salt is called as the key for the explorations era. Salt was used by many countries for different purpose. For example, how the people of Egypt used salt as a preserver for keeping the bodies of their kings and emperors fresh and preserved. Salt was greatly consumed for this reason (Kurlansky, 2006). Ketchup is commonly used with every food, especially in the regions America, Europe and Mexico. A very interesting point to note from the book is that how salt helped making the ketchup. Because Mark was a food writer too, he included ketchup in a very witty style in his book with the right illustrations to go with it. Therefore reading the text from the book it is quite evident that choosing such a topic and to describe it in such a good way really help him deserves the best outcome of the hard work. This book â€Å"The Story of Salt† is the best seller by Mark. Moreover the author’s goal specifically in this book is to educate people about the little facts that are of less importance to them. And he is successful in this regard.

Critical Reaction Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Critical Reaction Paper - Essay Example Indeed, he did not expect much opposition from them towards the idea of building the â€Å"Park51† mosque. However, he later learned that the whites hates Islam and refers to it as a religion of hate whose aim is to wipe out Christianity (Ghosh, 2010). He even thinks that the white Americans view Islam as a recruiting agency for terrorists. Indeed, Ghosh hold the view that opponents of Islam cast Muslims as sympathizers of al-Qaeda, which is false. According to him, white Americans consider Muslims as murders but reckon that even Christians have greater social vices and thus should not judge Islam. He asserts that America has the most diverse Muslim population in the world where the Muslims represent every race and sect in America. Additionally, Ghosh reckons that the Park51 resistance reflected an aspect of intolerance against the Muslims that has been alive since 9/11 only to deepen in the recent times (Ghosh, 2010). In fact, he observes that hate speech against Muslims and Islam is on the rise and Islamophobia is the new form of racism in America. Indeed, he holds the idea that the mosque protests and political influence cemented Islamophobia in America (Ghosh, 2010). Actually, the views expressed in lower Manhattan and in Sheboygan County are not isolated since a study revealed that 46% of Americans believe Islam is the most probable cause of violence against nonbelievers than other faiths (Ghosh, 2010). Nevertheless, he confirms that Muslims are safer and freer in America than in any other Western country. Indeed, Congress has two elected American Muslims and for the first time in 2010, Miss USA was a Muslim. Additionally, there are plans to the country's first Muslim college in Berkeley (Ghosh, 2010). However, he establishes the core arguments of the opponents that assert that Muslims are not and can never be full Americans (Ghosh, 2010). He states that such hatred manifests clearly in the places of worship, which are on the increase. He further no tes that such hatred is not only limited to proposed mosques and Muslim centers but also on the Koran where a pastor in Gainesville, initiated plans to burn copies of the Koran on the anniversary of the 9/11 attacks (Ghosh, 2010). On the same note, pastors are taking the Koran out of context to support their assertions that Islam requires believers to kill or convert all others. Moreover, he claims that the most vicious attacks on Islam are on the internet where bloggers are making Park51 a national issue and making that hatred viral. Ghosh holds the view that although religious intolerance does not apply to Muslims only, the American society reserves the most dominant hostility and hatred for Muslims (Ghosh, 2010). Conversely, he claims that since Saudi Arabia does not permit the building of churches and synagogues, America should also forbid Muslims from building Islamic places of worship. Nevertheless, he notes that many Christian, Jewish, and secular groups have opposed naked an ti-Islamic. He even suggests that Muslim is a very small group in U.S, which should receive little attention according to the 2007 release of the Pew Research Center report Muslim Americans that estimated Muslims to be a mere 2.35 million of the American population (Ghosh, 2010). At the same time, he recognizes that upon becoming President, Obama sought to promote the American image in the Islamic world (Ghosh, 2010).

Case Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

Case Analysis - Essay Example This can be attributed to the fact that more negative feedbacks caused the experts to question the application of the cubicle concept. On the other hand, the corporate administration recognized the benefit of putting a large number of employees that are only segregated in work boxes (Goodbye to the Cubicle? n.d.). On a personal note, the privacy and the level of concentration that can be provided by use of cubicles in workspaces are included in the appreciated effects. On the other hand, if a manner of continuous work activity occurs inside the cubicle area, it can be considered a health hazard and the risk of motivation and inspiration to work and have good output which can be attributed to the confined nature of the work area in the application of the said system. Based on the reaction of the people towards cubicle, there are different points of observations that can be presented. One of the points is that the being a highly social being, the interaction and relationship with other people and fellow workers can have very influential effects on performance of the workers. In addition, the workplace can also be an important factor in itself due to the effects it can bring about to the attitude of the person. In one of the studies undertaken regarding the most effective workplace set up, it had been presented that the open office set up is the most effective since a less pressured and raw working environment can be perceived. Other phases and methods can even be applied such as coordination of actions undertaken by the whole group that can lead to a more refined, well-communicated and well-informed in terms of the goals and visions of the company and the groups. In general, cubicles are advantageous for the physical order in a company as viewed by the leaders. In terms of productivity and efficiency it can be viewed as a hindrance (Gherardi and Nicolini, 2006; Harrison, Wheeler

Comparative Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Comparative Theory - Essay Example Modern revolutions in ways of thinking have taken place, and they resemble in substantial ways the revolutions in thinking of the fourth century B.C. These revolutions occur with great pain and difficulty and have made a lot of people angry, including Plato to a limited extent in the ancient era, and literacy hounds such as Allan Bloom to a great extent in the present era. The belief persists now that visual texts are inherently inferior to written texts, a belief that has gone through many permutations since the invention of the camera and that has resulted in discussions about the nature of "realism." The unexamined belief in the inferiority of visual texts continues to saturate the academy in the United States. Many people now will routinely acknowledge the idea that film and video are "artistic" media. However, their own responses to these media often indicate that these newer symbol systems are not in fact taken as seriously as symbol systems such as print or painting or music. The most compelling evidence for this marginalization of newer discourse technologies lies in their integration in general education requirements. They are regarded as peripheral concerns, unrelated to the study of print texts. Aristotelianism," as it has been called derives from print culture. The grammar of film and the grammar of video have not been integrated into enough film. Classical Rhetoric is a discipline that teaches man the rules and principles of fluent expression, knowing and doing good, master certain techniques and familiarizing himself with the good, the True and the Beautiful. It involves the study of fundamental principles of political philosophy, ethics and traditional psychology. It assists the learner to give a political speech and also learn elements of good character (Corbett, 1990) Beginning at a young age with practice in imitating the writing of others, rhetoric study extends in later years into the specific study of persuasive expression. There is no better place to begin this latter kind of study than with Aristotle's Rhetoric. Aristotle taught that there were three elements of communication: the speaker, the audience, and the speech itself. In fact, his book is broken down into three parts, one on each of these elements of rhetoric. Aristotle adds the three kinds of persuasive speech: political speech, legal speech and ceremonial speech. In political speech, the audience is some body of decision-makers like a political assembly. Its subject is the future, and its object is to move the audience to take some course of action. The end of this kind of speech is suitability, which is a kind of good. Political rhetoric, therefore, is highly moral or ethical in character. (Atwill, 1998) In a legal speech, the subject is the past, and the object is the determination of what has or has not in fact happened. A lawyer arguing a case in court would be an example of a legal speaker, although anyone who argues to an audience about past events would count as a legal speaker. The end of legal speech is the determination of the truth, making it very logical in nature. A ceremonial speaker would address the present and would concern himself with the present honor or dishonor of someone. He would engage in the praise or blame to achieve his object. The person giving an eulogy and certain kinds of sermons would engage in this sort of rhetoric. Because of its ceremonial nature (which is why it is often referred to as the rhetoric of display), ceremonial rhetoric is

Human Rights Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Human Rights - Research Paper Example This paper provides a brief detail of them along with human right practices in different nations. Introduction The concept of human rights was first introduced to the world by United Nations Charter in 1945 (Freeman, 2011, p 4). The elements or doctrines of human rights which were declared by United Nations are accepted across the globe as standard human rights. The human rights include a host of provisions or aspects. Some of these are- freedom by birth, equality of rights and dignity, promotion of universal peace and brotherhood, eradication of any discrimination in theory and practice, general right to lead one’s own life with liberty and security, general right of not entertaining any extreme punishment or degrading treatment, right to recognition, equality before law and State, right to fair trials and public hearing, right of doing social and cultural duties, right to opine and express, freedom of thought and conscience, freedom of exercising ones free will regarding sel ection of religion, political party, philosophy, and many others (Preamble, n.d.). This paper examines general characteristic features of human rights, its historical background, international bodies supporting its cause and finally its implication in present times. Human rights: general attributes The concept of human rights emerged as early as seventeenth and eighteenth century when the liberal doctrines were propagated by different socialists and philosophers. Capitalism got introduced in Europe during this time and resulted in major change in socio- economic structure. Due to capitalism, more precisely mercantilism, working class people suffered a lot. They were not only exploited on monetary and physical terms, but at the same time were also tortured, beaten, abused and even murdered. The idea of human rights initiated since then with an objective to initiate a protest against capitalist social order (Pollis and Schwab, 2000, p 11). As general people perceive it, human rights a re a set of principles bestowed upon every individual on this earth. Human rights ensure that every person, irrespective of caste, creed, age, color and nationality enjoy some specific rights and freedoms. Often, the human rights are also considered as a ‘concept’ which is adopted for real- thinking and expressing those thoughts. Furthermore, it is expressed that human rights are nothing but a mode of ‘ethnic cleansing’. This implies that the more the interests and welfare of individuals are violated, the more implication of human rights becomes essential. In present times, human rights are mostly associated with social and economic issues like illegal transactions, terror, massacres, unfair trail, execution, mass rapes- wherever the relative security of individuals are compromised (Freeman, 2011, p 3-4). From traditional point of view, human rights could be classified into two groups- human rights associated with democracy and human rights associated with individual rights and freedom. Democratic human rights incorporate rights of individual person and masses regarding civil aspects and also aspects related to politics, economy, society, culture and religion. In practice, this concept of freedom and independence supported by human right varies across different nations (Duxbury, 2011, p. 46). Reasons behind formulation of human rights Out of the several reasons due to which the human rights were framed, one is being abused by prosecution by legal bodies or tribunals on behalf

Business Continuity Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Business Continuity Plan - Essay Example In particular, each of the systems must be evaluated and placed in one of the two categories of risk, as described below: The systems must be based on an assessment of the loss and how it will hit the various departments using it and how it will be in costs of that loss and to recover the data. See the IT Departmental Team Plan on more in depth information on the risks and how best to assess them at senior management level. Stated by MIT (1995). It consists of senior managers from each main department that useing the applications identified above; their role is to ensure the personnel can function during a critical outage, in particular that there is a recovery plan to cover Critical and Emergency states. To this end there must be an alternative system in place, which is up and running at all times. To be in charge of the BTC is the Director of Security who will have the final decision making controls for the team. To report to the Business Continuity Team (BTC), within two hours once access is allowed to the company premises, any application that has been compromised during the outage or attack, then give any advice to the BTC about the best way forward if there is a problem with hardware or for users. Hardware procedures are in the "Maintenance Handbook" maintained by the Facilities department and cover as many eventualities as can be covered. It will be the first set of procedures covered especially if there is a difference in the stated objectives between the BTC and the handbook. IT and facilities are then responsible for putting the recovery into motion. Stated by MIT (1995). Technical equipment such as servers and routers must be locked in cabinets in a locked technical room. Ensure their are ports disabled if not required and working ports are have encrypted passwords strong enough not to be broken. Access is by staff with proper security clearance given by the Security Directors office only. Any contractor

Report of IT tech for food4all Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Report of IT tech for food4all - Essay Example In the process of creating live video streams for service delivery sessions, the project uses teleconferencing facilities like overhead cameras, screens or projectors, and high speed Internet connectivity among other technologies that incorporate the application of chat features. The preliminary evaluation aims at enhancing the efficiency of emerging technologies as well as their influence on the service delivery exercise on clients. The discourse covers a portrayal of a case where one of the new technologies gets integrated into food delivery. Putting in place a projector and a screen in the media centre used by clients for getting information. Employees will use the same to offer technology professional advanced services, it will also be a client centre for technology, and family meetings among clients will use it for conferences. Other uses include serving as the client center for technology learners in the food supply system, being a likely LVS centre for those with catch-up programs, and a centre for family nights. Using the projector and the screen will enable every participant or client to see clearly, what the project offers. To advance professional services and development for employees handling Promethean Boards during service delivery. Professional development will take place during one of the in-service services sessions scheduled in addition to the after meal on-site programs throughout food delivery. It is consequential for employees to comprehend ways of operating and integrating important aspects such as Promethean into delivering services applied during live streaming and not just the use of boards to impart knowledge among clients. Provision of materials and software for the newly introduced ACT project important in Prep Course. The relevance of ACT is for clients to remain complaint with the new live streaming methods introduced for delivery of food. Food service delivery companies previously provide catch-up

Discuss The Metaphor Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discuss The Metaphor - Assignment Example In addition, I confirm the idea that squealing is a metaphor for making the pigs cry in pain, when my classmate said: â€Å"By squealing, she means that the current regime will not be happy with her leadership style because there will be no room for them to squander public funds.† I agree that Ernst plans to make them squeal because she will make sure that they can no longer do their expensive or corrupt programs. Finally, I agree that being a mother is a good metaphor for being a caring leader. Ernst is suggesting that she can be a good senator because she knows how to take care of her children. Given these metaphors, I do not think that my classmate missed anything. I think my classmate misunderstands what a metaphor means. My classmate wrote: â€Å"One of the first things that I thought was an example of a metaphor was when Obama says all of us will prosper. This is a metaphor in my opinion because it uses the word will.† Using the word â€Å"will† does not mean that a metaphor is being used. I also did not see the visual metaphor of ships overseas. Obama said that tax incentives will not be given to companies that ship jobs overseas though. A ship is a metaphor for leaving, which applies to lost jobs due to outsourcing. Nevertheless, I agree that showing Americans working can mean that Obama wants for Americans to work hard for America. In addition, I believe my classmate missed the metaphor of the setting of the speech, which is a living room. Obama said it himself that, if he was in his audience’s living room, he would discuss his plan with them. The setting of the speech is inside the house, specifically the living room. For me, this is a visual metaphor for setting up intimacy with Americans. Obama wants Americans to feel that he is right there in their living room to talk about his plan. The setting adds sincerity to his speech. Furthermore, another missed metaphor refers to the words â€Å"double down† on the â€Å"trickle down.† Obama refers to

Douglas MacArthur Essay Example for Free

Douglas MacArthur Essay Carlos Peà ±a Romulo once wrote that each of his careers â€Å"might have been lived in a different country and a different age.† Soldier, journalist, educator, author, and diplomat, he was a definitive world figure of the 20th century. Romulo grew up in the town of Camiling in the province of Tarlac in northern Philippines. He was born within the Spanish walled city of Intramuros, Manila, on January 14, 1898, at the twilight of one colonial regime and the dawning of another. His father, Gregorio, fought in the revolution for Philippine independence against Spain and, until surrender, America. The bitterness of the conflicts left an impression on the young boy—marking â€Å"the beginnings of a rebel,† as he called it—and he made a promise never to smile at an American soldier. His levelheaded father eventually welcomed American schoolteachers who came to Tarlac to teach English, however, becoming the first of the town’s elders to learn the language. Likewise, the young Romulo’s hatred abated not only because of his father’s example but also because he became friendly with an American sergeant. His father’s dream of an independent and democratic Philippines lived on. One of the last to take his oath of allegiance to America, the elder Romulo learned to accept the foreign power’s rulings except—as the young Romulo recounts in his memoirs—â€Å"in the manner of the flag.† â€Å"The American law says we cannot display our flag in any public place,† Gregorio Romulo told his family. â€Å"Well, my bedroom is not a public place.† In World War II Romulo was aide-de-camp to General Douglas MacArthur. As a journalist he wrote a series of articles, after a tour of the Far East, about Japanese imperialism, and predicted an attack on the United States. For this he won the Pulitzer Prize in Journalism for Distinguished Correspondence, and it was MacArthur himself who delivered to his friend the good news. His skill at using words made Romulo the logical choice to become â€Å"the Voice of Freedom,† which broadcasted news of the war effort to Filipinos and Americans alike. Often contrary to Japanese propaganda, Romulo’s reports earned the ire of the enemy, who put a price on his head. But Romulo kept broadcasting until the Fall of Bataan, and abandoned his post only after MacArthur’s strict orders to leave. He flew first to Australia, eventually ending up in the United States in exile, leaving behind his wife and four sons. In 1924 Romulo married Virginia Llamas, a local beauty titlist. They met at a picnic and they married not long after being crowned King and Queen of a Manila carnival. She once commented that she was the type of wife who preferred to glow â€Å"faintly in her husband’s shadow,† to which one acquaintance quipped, â€Å"this didn’t leave much room to glow in†Ã¢â‚¬â€a jab at Romulo’s height. Standing only 5’4† in his shoes, Romulo often made fun of his height. His book I Walked With Heroes opens with the anecdote about being the newly elected president of the United Nations—the first Asian to ever hold the post—and having to be â€Å"perched atop three thick New York City telephone books† just to see and be seen by all the delegates below the podium. When MacArthur fulfilled his promise to return to the Philippines, with Romulo at his side, it was reported that the American general was wading in waist-deep water. One correspondent, Walter Winchell, immediately wired back asking how Romulo could have waded in that depth without drowning. He also used his height to his advantage. â€Å"The little fellow is generally underrated in the beginning,† he once wrote. â€Å"Then he does something well, and people are surprised and impressed. In their minds his achievement is magnified.† A very early photo of Romulo Team members of the University of the Philippines debate team, with Professor Carlos P. Romulo (center). From left: Pedro Camus, Teodoro Evangelista, Deogracias Puyat, and Jacinto C. Borja. The photo was taken in San Francisco, California, April 18, 1928, and the caption reads: â€Å"Four students of the University of the Philippines, under the leadership of Prof. Carlos P. Romulo of the College Faculty, recently arrived in the United States on a tour of the world to debate the question of Filipino independence. The round-the-world debate on the Philippine question is academic and has nothing to do with politics.† This kind of understanding served him well as he began a career as a diplomat at the United Nations. Describing himself as the â€Å"barefoot boy of politics,† he had never before attended an international conference and was new to diplomacy. To add to this challenge, he was representing a small nation that had not yet achieved independence. (There already had been reports of Filipino delegates being ignored at international meetings.) Romulo—whose lifelong dream was to help build a body such as the United Nations—resolved to make the Philippines the voice of all small nations. As a signatory of the charter forming the United Nations in 1945, he spoke the famous line, â€Å"Let us make this floor the last battlefield† at the first General Assembly. There was at first silence, but then he received a standing ovation—the only one given to any speaker at the conference. Romulo launched himself fully into the world of international diplomacy, standing his ground against the big powers and committing himself to the causes of fledging nations. Dismissed by some, like Andrei Vishinsky, chief of the Soviet delegation, as a â€Å"little man from a little country,† Romulo was undeterred, fighting â€Å"like David, slinging pebbles of truth between the eyes of blustering Goliaths.† President of the UN General Assembly Carlos P. Romulo introduces US President Harry S. Truman to Deputy Foreign Minister Andrei Vishinsky of the USSR, October 24, 1949, during the cornerstone laying ceremony of the UN headquarters in New York City. President of the UN General Assembly Carlos P. Romulo introduces US President Harry S. Truman to Deputy Foreign Minister Andrei Vishinsky of the USSR, October 24, 1949, during the cornerstone laying ceremony of the UN headquarters in New York City. Dubbed by his colleagues â€Å"Mr. United Nations,† he was elected president of the United Nations General Assembly in 1949—the first Asian to hold the position—and served as president of UN Security Council four times, in 1981, in 1980 and twice in 1957. Despite all the triumphs, Romulo hit low points in his life. His eldest son Carlos, Jr., died in a plane crash in 1957, and his beloved wife died in 1968, near the end of his terms as president of the University of the Philippines, his alma mater, and, concurrently, Secretary of Education. â€Å"I had to be outstanding,† he wrote, â€Å"to make the greatest effort to win, to prove I was capable not in spite of having been born a Filipino but because I was a Filipino.†

Strength And Weakness Of Bureaucratic Organization Management Essay

Strength And Weakness Of Bureaucratic Organization Management Essay Mergers often go to the right, in part because the leaders of human resources working successfully with senior administration to ensure that joining and acquisitions are well conjure up planned and executed with respect to persons. As leaders, we ensure communication of clear business logic, attention to the risks associated with people in the agreement, and the planning of effective integration. A lot of articles and studies on mergers emphasizes why mergers be unsuccessful to accomplish their potential. A widespread subject matter is that people-related issues were not treated early or sufficiently effective. For example, a Forbes review of 500 CFOs found that the main reasons why mergers were no financial issues, but problems related to people: mismatched civilizations, incapability to administer the acquired company, the powerlessness to implement the other hand, overestimated synergies, lack of foresight predictable events, or clash of management styles or egos. However it can be guaranteed the effective implementation of the merger integration and retention of talent vital to maintain the pledge and recital through the changeover, and the loom of people-related coordination, progression and union with the strategic bearing of the new entity. Here are seven questions that we must address. Lets discuss the change management: Change management is a set of procedures that is employed to guarantee that major changes are put into practice in an arranged way, controlled and methodical fashion to upshot the organizational change. Goal of change and there outcome One of the goals of change management is with respect to the human aspects of conquer opposition to change in order for organizational members to buy into change and attain the organizations aim of an orderly and effective conversion. Managerial Change Management: Organizational change management takes into thought both the processes and tools that managers utilize to make changes at an organizational level. Most organizations want change implemented with the slightest resistance and with the most buy-in as achievable. For this to take place, change must be useful with a planned approach so that evolution from one type of behavior to another organization broad will be flat. The consequence of Buy In: Buy in means that the organization entirely recognizes that the changes that need to be taken are in due course positive to both the individual and the organization. If an organization seeks to make changes which are naturally bad or are not established positively by an organization, it will be much more hard or close to impossible to put into practice these changes without significant opposition. How Economy dealing with change: A proper change management policy is the essential. There are three components of change management which are crucial for any industry and as well as for economy: 1) Identifying the needs of customers before rival 2) Fast accomplishment of a prepared strategy with the obtainable resources 3) Real-time examine If the industry be unsuccessful in gaining any of the three objectives, it will lag at the back. Competitors will go beyond it. The case for change management cannot be showy in our changing and difficult times, For example how McCain, a company selling ice-covered potato products, mainly chips, changed its product to suit the times and the needs of customers. The customers were worried over heaviness, mainly among children, and the consequent health danger. The corporation modified the product by reducing the salt content and oil and started using especially chosen potatoes. The company carried out an extensive advertising movement to stress the food value of the chips and regained customer reception. Development in food technology also helped the company address some of the problems. It could successfully overcome the problems. Education not compulsion should be the instrument employed by the management. Obviously, there will be opposition from a part of the employees at least to many of the changes required to be introduced by the management. But they can be convinced over a period of time. It can be lengthy but not impossible. What are the people-related issues? decision-making contracts or other restrain compensation arrangements member of staff relations risks, including amalgamation relationships, contracts, and issues permissible actions or compliance issues Retirement, retirement fund or other millstone Availability of capable organization talent for key roles Employee commitment very important for retention of aptitude and continued high recital. Keeping in mind that the Chief Executive has been derived from the one organization so instead of keeping the old norms and values in newly developed organiation, there must be some commonly productive approach must be used by the CE. Once you have join all the pieces together there is little doubt that you will not find ways to increase revenues, decrease expenses, save time, or make a multitude of other positive improvements. This will result in a novel organizational culture, but it will be a change for the superior. An economy depend upon its industry very much if there is a positive change in industry management then obviously is economy goes up. The real sense of Bureaucratic Organization: The main characteristics that bureaucratic organizations contribute are fundamentally the same. First there is a scheming environment in these organizations, higher management makes the policy and the subordinates go after it. There are clear steps and procedures for doing the simplest of things which makes tasks more time intensive. The inferior level in the hierarchy is controlled by the upper one and the preparation and decision making is federal, all the decisions are made in one place. The higher levels in the pecking order have more liberty in doing their work as compared to the lower levels. These organizations are goal leaning and all the processes are designed to attain the goals. The construction of these organizations is based on the principle of separation of labor and they have specialized department doing various jobs. Weaknesses and Strengths of a Bureaucratic Organization for clear picture The main weakness of bureaucratic organizations takes in not to have novelty. All the processes and tasks are fixed to a large extent that the innovation process is approximately eradicate in bureaucratic organizations. Employees get unprovoked because of smaller employee contribution and association. HR cant be used in the fullest manner by optimizing creativity which is the key drawback in bureaucratic structure of the organizations. Advantages contain the increased control and observations of higher rank  board. The nouns of the organizations depend upon the intelligent judgments of upper headship. If the top management is high-quality, then results can be constructive and if the top headship is poor then it can result in adversity. Organizational development focus Contractual relationship between a change mediator and a supportive organization go into for the sake of using applied behavioral science and for other organizational change point of view in a scheme background to get better the organizational presentation and the capability of the organization to develop itself. OD is a designed intervention. They   Ã‚  are plans or series consist of particular activities designed to achieve change in some part of an organization. Frequent interventions have been developed over the years to tackle special problems or create a variety of results. However, they all are geared toward the goal of improving the whole organization by change. In common, organizations that wish to achieve a high grade of organizational change will use a complete variety of interventions, including those planned to change individual and group behavior and attitudes. Units attempting slighter changes will end petite of those goals, applying interventions targeted mainly toward operating strategies, management structures, employee skills, and staff policies. Usually, organization development plans will concurrently mix more than one of these interventions. Types of Interventions: There are many types of interventions can include a variety of specific practices: Human process, * Process discussion * group building * Search meeting (a high-scale intervention) 2.Technostructural * Work plan * worth loop * reformation 3.Human sources management * presentation management (employee) * Employee willingness * payment systems * variety management 4.deliberate * Organizational revolution * Cultural change * Self-designing organizations * Strategic management What is a Stakeholder? Any human being, set of individuals with a good concern (a stake) in the achievement of an organization is measured to be a stakeholder. Why stakeholders are there? A stakeholder is logically concerned with an organization bring projected outcome and meeting its monetary goals. Instance of a stakeholder are a holder, director, shareholder, investor, member of staff, purchaser, colleague and dealer, among others. A stakeholder may make a payment openly or in some way to an organization dealing actions. Types: Internal and External Stakeholders: Scheme managers are internal stakeholders because they are openly involved in the increase of the project. They have power to run the project by handling duty of work presentation, organizing and arranging; efficiently making sure that all stages of the project are complete correctly and well. Salesperson, dealer, and outer concerns of organizations are external stakeholders because they provide desirable essentials for a projects accomplishment; they need to keep on in communication at all times on objective, high point and deliverables. Direct and Indirect Stakeholders: Direct stakeholders are belonging to the day by day activities of a scheme. Team associates are direct stakeholders as their work is planned around the project for each workday. MINIMUM DISRUPTION TO THE STATUS QUO BUT HOW? Leadership is imperative to the triumph of a combination. The selection process should be based on an purpose measurement of skills and competencies, not on following commitment. The appointment process should be seen as fair and rational. Must also be timely moving quickly to the team in place and increase speed integration. Some issues stand out more than the election of directors of the new mutual organization. A merger of equals implies the management representation from both organizations. JUSTIFICATION OF ARGUMENTS BY REAL EXAMPLE When the amalgamation of Glaxo Wellcome and SmithKline Beecham proclaimed, the top four executives were appointed within one month of executives to fill the nine senior officials were appointed. In the first fourteen positions, executives from each companys entire seven years. At Chase Manhattan, the top fifteen decision makers were named to the announcement, and the next two levels of government were established within four months. Indirect stakeholders are not collision by the project. Those can be your customers and consumer, because their concern is with the final project. This would be the excellence of products, cost, covering, and ease of use. Purpose of Stakeholder Analysis? A stakeholder analysis is a procedure which is use to recognize and evaluate the significance of key people, groups of people, or association that may significantly power the achievement of scheme. The reason of being useful? A stakeholder analysis is use to: 1) Identify people, groups, and institutions that will give power to project (either surely or unhelpfully) 2) Expect the kind of power, positive or negative, these groups will have on your proposal. 3) Developing plan to get the most effectual hold possible for your initiative and decrease any barrier to booming completion of program. Stakeholder and their involvement: To engage stakeholders is a pathway to any victorious project, not only from a communication viewpoint, but also for the sake of the information obtained from their ability and skill, which they will offer again and again if we take the time to engage them exactly from the beginning. Be careful, no two stakeholders individually, or groups of stakeholders, are the similar. Each stakeholder is dissimilar, they will be at different height of understanding and approval for the requirement of the change and their hope s will be different. Ways to involve Stakeholder: 1. Understand Them: To understand an individual is a master key to deal with that person in his own way. However, it is predictable that any team will face some kind of opposition from different stakeholder groups, merely on the base of that we are offer is something that is different to what is finished now. 2. Resolve any Whats In It For Me? Issues There is a factor of individual contact when dealing with stakeholders. When a change is planned, self protection come in and people will firstly look at the change from a very personal viewpoint as compare to outer view. It is impractical to supply for each single individual requisite of every sole stakeholder. Though, there will be harmony in their supplies in their Whats In It for me necessities. Personal nervousness is a usual by-product of any change and determine these Whats In It For Me issues can go a long way to dropping them. 3. Demonstrate Success: Occasionally, the most excellent way to engage stakeholders is to demonstrate them what the change will give to them. This can be done by showing examples of parallel plans run within our personal organization, actual life examples, or case studies of other organizations that have put into practice a parallel change. To involve stakeholder is time consuming process and is a Critical Success aspect for any project that wants to apply its changes productively. 4. Benefits: Benefits are the most important term to involve stakeholders in change. That what kind of benefits they can have in this change. And how these changes are useful to them? EVALUATION AND CONCLUSIONS The position of the stakeholders is inner in the organization approach to get change. Change in this project involved changes to tolerant entrance. The bridge fills the space between groups. The short of information and participation in projects that involve change frequently give outcome in manner of separation and anger; however relations between staff their involvement at every phase of the completion establishment to be significant. Recognition of stakeholders in the beginning steps hold up the process of stakeholder analysis, which exposed the collision of specific stakeholders had within the scheme. Model of change management: The model was firstly used as an instrument for formative of change management activities like communications and preparation were having the preferred results during organizational change. For instance, Awareness of the business cause for change is an objective of early communications associated to a business change. Wish to take on and contribute in the change is the goal of protection and opposition management. Knowledge about how to change is the goal of preparation and training. By recognizing the required results or goals of change organization, ADKAR becomes a useful structure for change management teams in the setting up and implementation of their effort. An individual must get every part in series for the change when it has to be put into practice and continued. As a director, one can use this model to make out space in change organization procedure and to give useful instruction for workers. The ADKAR model can be effectively utilize to: identify employee opposition to change to give aid to the employees move through the change path form a successful act sketch for private and skilled development throughout the change extend a change organization map for workers The ADKAR model was initially in print by Prosci in 1998 after investigated with more than 300 corporations suffering from major change projects.. This model is planned to be a training device to help out employees during the change process. The efficiently, one will need to know the underlying structure for change proposal. In the diagram underneath, change occur and flourishing change go on when both dimensions of change occur at the same time.   Trade Measurement of Transform The business dimensions of change take in the classic plan elements.   Business requirement or chance is known. Project is clear (range and goals). Business resolution is planned (new method, arrangement and organization makeup). New processes and systems are advanced. Solution is applied into the association. These are the typical fundamentals of a business change that director feels most contented organization.   CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS While human resource leaders can facilitate the integration planning. On the other hand, there is a inclination in many situations for executives who are strength and leadership in the implementation of changes, with minimum human resources, low-level executive or human resources. This may be suitable in some situations. However, in other state of affairs, the participation of employees can be important. Participation generates ideas to improve the integration and further support for rapid integration. Being a Human Resource Director I would strongly suggest that to develop effective plans for implementation of merger and to ensure that plans are implemented many companies use merger integration teams and assign responsibility to the executives of the merging of specific integration. Again, the individual resources privileged can rally round teams or to work effectively and quickly to facilitate their work or actually serving on the teams. The human resource leaders to contribute directly to business performance. Now the question arises that what better opportunity could appear that a union? Here we can apply in any organization and to develop further our ability to lead strategic change effectively. As the frequency of mergers increases, and as top executives recognize the critical impact of issues related to people, we should be on center stage to help ensure that mergers on the right. The chaos is connected with any merger or gaining is a unique occasion for time to demonstrate their knowledge and skill in managing human capital. HR is an inherent part of the integration into a team of M A for their ability to assess the compatibility of communal cultures and diverse options for come together the companies. The guiding principles for the successful merging for change * Take final action and make decisions quickly the secret to keeping good people. * Be honest with employees and treat them with respect. Let them know that the combined entity will be a more valuable. * Each time the property is possible, the use of society represented by stock options and stock grants for all pulling in the same direction. * Be honest about the choices of people to be made. * Treat people coming out with the same respect and attention as those who remain.

Chaucers Canterbury Tales - The Wife of Bath as Depicted in the Genera

The Wife of Bath Depicted in the General Prologue      Ã‚  Ã‚   At the first reading of the "General Prologue" to the Canterbury Tales, the Wife of Bath seems to be a fairly straightforward character.   However, the second time through, the ironies and insinuations surface and show the Wife's bold personality.   For example, she is rather opinionated.   The second line in the passage, "But she was somdel deef, and that was scathe," seems only to indicate that she is a little hard of hearing.   However, coupled with a line from the end of the passage noting that she liked to talk, this deafness could mean either that she is really deaf and talks because she cannot hear what others say to her or that she simply does not listen to what anyone else says (Nardo 126).   The next line, "Of clooth-makyng she hadde swich an haunt," is obviously the Wife's own opinion of herself and not objective at all.   This is ironic because she is from near Bath, in western England, where the weavers were not very good, so she is probably not very talented at all (Bowden 215).   She, however, does not doubt herself.   The Wife is also very practical.   In lines 469 through 473 she is described in traveling gear:    Upon an amblere esily she sat, Y-wympled wel, and on hir heed an hat As brood as is a bokeler or a targe, A foot-mantel aboute hir hipes large, And on hir feet a peyre of spores sharpe.    Her overskirt keeps off the dirt of travel, and the pacing horse, trained to move both feet on one side together, is comfortable on long journeys (Rowland 117).   The fact that she is wearing spurs implies that she rides sensibly astride, like most women of her class.   However, her hat is compared to a shield, and spurs were a symbol... ... Tales.   London:   Greenwood Press, 1995. Herman, John P. and John J. Burke, Jr., ed.   Signs and Symbols in Chaucer's Poetry.   University, Alabama:   University of Alabama Press, 1981. Lambdin, Laura C. and Robert T. Lambdin, ed.   Chaucer's Pilgrims:   An Historical Guide to the Pilgrims in the Canterbury Tales.   London:   Greenwood Press, 1996. Lucas, Angela M.   Women in the Middle Ages:   Religion, Marriage, and Letters.   Great Britain:   Harvester Press, 1983. Nardo, Don, ed.   Readings on the Canterbury Tales.   San Diego:   Greenhaven Press, 1997. Plummer, John F.   "The Wife of Bath's Hat as a Sexual Metaphor."   English Language Notes, 18 (1980-1981). Rowland, Beryl.   Blind Beasts:   Chaucer's Animal World.   Great Britain:   Kent State University Press, 1971. Serrailler, Ian.   Chaucer and his World.   New York:   Henry Z. Walck, Inc., 1968.

The Monk :: essays research papers fc

The Monk: A Rebellious Offspring of the Age of Reason Understanding the Gothic novel can be accomplished by obtaining a familiarity of the Augustan point of view, which helps to develop a reference point for comparing and contrasting the origin of Gothic literature. The thinking that was being questioned by the Gothic novel was Augustanism; and without some understanding of Augustan principles and their role in eighteenth-century thought it is difficult to understand the purposes of the Gothic revival, either in terms of history or in terms of the way in which it offered a new conception of the relations between man, nature and a supreme being. David punter describes the political relationship of the Augustan thinker to the literary world, â€Å" It is tempting to see in Augustanism the doctrine of a small cultural elite holding on to power and status under increasing pressure, and that pressure as precisely that exerted by the new reading public on the homogeneity of the old literary establishment (p 31 Punter). This small number of e lite would have included, but not limited to, Fielding, Johnson and especially Pope. However, Fielding and Johnson were slowly stepping outside of the realm of the Augustan limitations. Fielding was undoubtedly Augustan in his beliefs in the stability of social rules and the necessity of a social and psychological compromise, but his mocking attitude towards literary stipulation represents a more moderate Augustan replication. Johnson, on the other hand, was a firm believer in these literary rules and yet it was his ‘Preface to Shakespeare’ which became the first significant breach in these limitations. Alexander Pope’s ‘Essay on Man’ embodies the cosmological, theological and ethical beliefs of the Augustan age; while at the same time exemplifying submission to the rules of literary form. The Augustan approach was intellectual with formal restraint; while relying on reason and traditionalism to create literary works. These stipulations were very con trolled by their boundaries and could not be exaggerated with out being broken. The Augustan critical attitude condemned spontaneity for its chaotic qualities, imagination for its objection to reason and liberalism for its opposition to traditionalism. Gothic fiction appears as a specific response to the Age of Reason’s order. During the late eighteenth-century, several different kinds of new fiction arose to challenge the Augustan tradition; leading the way was the Gothic novel. An interest in those things, which cannot be understood, for example religion and the soul, results in an overwhelming expansion of what is accepted as art in the literary world.

A Millimeter Too Far: Metastatic Melanoma Essays -- Disease, Disorder

Summary Metastatic Melanoma is defined as the transformation of normal melanocytes due to unregulated growth factors involved in normal cell proliferation. Identifying the altered genes via mutation, deletion or amplification will enable us to find a treatment that is tailored to correct that particular gene. Introduction Melanoma determines skin pigmentation. Neural crest cells give rise to Melanocytes which transfer to the skin and hair follicles during embryonic progression. There are 5 phases in which melanoma develops, firstly nevus, then dysplastic nevus, next radial-growth phase, after that vertical growth phase and finally metastatic melanoma. The most important transition is RGP to VGP because this is where keratinocyte mediated growth control is lost, related with tumour thickness being a forecaster of metastatic melanoma. Risk factors are environmental and genetic; exposure to ultraviolet radiation causes melanocytes to produce melanin, which is taken up by keratinocytes and hereditary mutations create susceptibility to developing melanoma. Symptoms are small dark spot, with irregular borders or a change in an existing mole. However, tests such as skin biopsy are carried out to verify whether the mole is a tumour or not. At the early stage, melanoma is excised with low chance of it reoccurring, but with metastatic melanomas an aggressive form of treatment would be needed such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Protective clothing, sun screen and early detection prevent melanoma from developing. Genes Altered In Metastatic Melanoma The development of melanoma is the attainment of mutations in regulatory genes. Three pathways have been found to be deregulated in melanocytic tumours, including the RAS-RAF-MEK-ER... ...l autonomous growth: the Rb/E2F pathway. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 18 (3), 333-43. 5. Linley AJ, Mathieu MG, Miles AK, Rees RC, McArdle SE, Regad T. (2012). The helicase HAGE expressed by malignant melanoma-initiating cells is required for tumor cell proliferation In Vivo. The journal of biological chemistry. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M111.308973. 6. Maelandsmo GM, Flà ¸renes VA, Hovig E, Oyjord T, Engebraaten O, Holm R, Bà ¸rresen AL, Fodstad O. (1996). Involvement of the pRb/p16/cdk4/cyclin D1 pathway in the tumorigenesis of sporadic malignant melanomas. Br J Cancer. 73 (8), 909-16. 7. Melnikova VO, Bolshakov SV, Walker C, Ananthaswamy HN. (2004). Genomic alterations in spontaneous and carcinogen-induced murine melanoma cell lines. Oncogene. 23 (13), 2347-56. 8. Pà ³pulo H, Lopes JM, Soares P. (2012). The mTOR Signalling Pathway in Human Cancer. Int J Mol Sci. 13 (2), 1886-918.

Telstra SWOT Analysis

Telstra, originally Telecom Australia was established in 1901 by the Postmaster Generals Department to manage all domestic phone services. Telecom Australia continued to be operated by the Postmaster Generals Department until 1975. In 1989, Telecom Australia became the official Telecommunications Corporations for all domestic and international telephone services. On the 1st of July 1995 Telecom Australia changed their name to Telstra for the purpose of differentiation from other global telecommunications companies.Telephony, broadband, hosting, directory and pay TV services. The company also provides ICT services to small and medium corporations, large organizations and government. It offers internet services, value added services and content services under the brand BigPond (bigpond. com). The company offers FOXTEL pay TV through its network. Its advertising and information services including White Pages, Yellow Pages, Trading Post, whereis and City search are offered through wholly owned subsidiary, Sensis.It also offers wholesale services to other carriers, carriage service providers and internet service providers. The â€Å"Telstra Corporation Limited† (Telstra) is the primary telecommunications supplier of Australia and the southern Pacific region. Telstra have spent 4 years of preparation, 2 years of project implementation and over $1. 5 Billion AU to design, build and provide a fully national IP network. This fully integrated network is known as the Telstra Next IP & Next G networks (Next networks).The business drivers for Telstra to implement the Next networks has come from Governments, large Enterprises and small businesses and their need for a standard fully integrated, more scalable, more reliable, better performing and more secure platform that connects technologies and business practise. Telstra recognised this need and have made a multibillion dollar investment to transform the already offered networks into the Next networks to enable them to support applications that will work through fixed lines and wireless networks across the whole of Australia.This flexible capability is known as â€Å"Next Dimension Telstra Corporation is one of the leading telecommunications company in Australia. The company offers mobile and fixed telephony, broadband, hosting, directory and pay TV services. It also provides information communications and technology (ICT) services to small and medium corporations, large organizations and government. The company primarily operates in Australia.It is headquartered in Victoria, Australia and employs about 45,220 people. The company recorded revenues of A$25,029 million ($22,080. 3 million) during the financial year ended June 2010 (FY2010), a decrease of 2. 3% over 2009. The operating profit of the company was A$6,501 million ($5,735. 1 million) in FY2010, a decrease of 0. 9% over 2009. Its net profit was A$3,940 million ($3,475. 8 million) in FY2010, a decrease of 3. 3% over 2009.

The Process

How to make steak, mashed potatoes and green beans Growing up I was a very independent child. I always wanted to learn to do things for myself. When I was about seven or eight, I learned how to make steak. It instantly became my favorite food. Along the years IVe gotten better at making steak and many other foods. One of my favorite dishes to make is green beans, mashed potatoes and of course steak. It is simple to make and requires little preparation.It is very important to have all the ingredients before you start to prep and cook our meal. You will need: two pans, four potatoes, steak, one can of green beans, one pot, a potato peeler, can opener, pepper, garlic, seasoned meat tenderizer, onion and garlic powder, vegetable oil, butter, milk, salt, chives, and a standing mixer with a rotating bowl. Once you have all of that you can start to peel the potatoes. After you have done this, you can fill the pot up with water and bring it to a boil.You can now add the potatoes and let it c ook for about twenty minutes until they are cooked horoughly. You can tell if they are finished if you can stick a fork easily through them. You then drain the water from the pot and put the potatoes in the standing mixer. The standing mixer makes it easier to whip the potatoes and they come out with no lumps. After you have whipped the potatoes, you can put them into a smaller pot and turn on the stove. Now you add a cup of milk, sprinkle some pepper and salt into the pot, and add 3 to 4 table spoons of butter.You also add some chives for lavor and mix all the contents all together. Lastly you reduce the heat and cover your finished product. Now you can move on to the steak. First you cut the steak into pieces and place it into a bowl to be cleaned. You run it under hot water to get rid of any bacteria. After draining the dirty water, you start to season the steak. The seasonings you will use are pepper, meat tenderizer, garlic, and onion and garlic powder. After seasoning the meat you can dice the garlic and place it in a pan with vegetable oil.Once the garlic as browned a bit, you can place the steak in the pan with half a cup of water. The water will keep the meat soft and tender. The steak will be brown all the way through when it is finished. Finally, you can start with the green beans. First you open the can and drain the water. Then you dice the garlic like you did for the steak. In a small pan you add three teaspoons of vegetable oil and add the diced garlic. Next you add the green beans and turn on the stove burner to a low heat.Add some pepper, salt and garlic owder and mix it all together so that the seasonings can be evenly distributed. Once the green beans are hot, you are finished. You now have a delicious meal that is ready to eat. Cooking has become something that I enjoy doing. I love learning different ways to make the same foods and trying new foods and recipes. I love when I cook for my friends and family and they boast about how good the food was. It makes me feel good and want to keep cooking to get even better. I love cooking as much as I love to eat. Process Essay By ktcr

Essay on “Bread Givers” by Anzia Yezierska

Bread Givers Essay: Sara’s Identity In the book â€Å"Bread Givers† by Anzia Yezierska a young girl from poland grows up in america. Set in the 1920s conditions for immigrants living in the United States were tough, not to mention living in the lower East side of Manhattan, New York. Reb Smolinsky the father of Sara in this book really tries on impressing his beliefs onto his children for he is very set on his traditional ways. This becomes a very prominent underlying to the story as Sara grows throughout the book moving from her fathers beliefs to her own.This clash between the â€Å"old way† of doing things and her new american life style Sara breaks free from this conflict in finding her own identity in this new world. By doing so Sara really connect and Identifies with three main factors in her life independence, education and hard work. With these three basic elements in Sara’s life she really transitions into her own being and self identity. Througho ut most of the beginning of the book Sara is oppressed by her father’s tyranny that drives her to crave independence.After her father demolishes the lives of Sara’s three other sisters she â€Å"began to see that Father, in his innocent craziness to hold up the Light of the Law to his children, was as a tyrant more terrible than the Tsar from Russia† (Yezierska, 64-65). As this is just the beginning of Sara’s unrest with her father it is none the less the beginning of the end for their relationship. Because she does come to the end of her patience with her father. With him constantly beating her her down she would never be able to vocalize or blossom into her own ideas or beliefs.He would constrict all of her self identity out if she was unable to break free from him. â€Å"I’m smart enough to look out for myself. It’s a new life now. In America, women don’t need men to boss them† (Yezierska, 137). Sara finally speaks her mind along with realizing she is able to break free from tradition and be independent in this new world. America had really shaped her ideals and helped to create that pathway to break away. As she is independent she discovers herself through the freedom of being on her own. As seen when she is finally in freedom on her own. â€Å"My hands clutched at the knob. This door was life.It was air. The bottom starting-point of becoming a person. I simply must have this room with the shut door† (Yezierska, 159) Having her own place would create the birth spot for her dreams and aspirations. By now having her own place she is able to cut herself from her family and their hold on her opinions. She is able to break free and now allow her the freedom needed to discover her identity. As she clearly states when she says â€Å"starting-point of becoming a person†, this defines her. Education makes its impression on Sarah when she immediately connects and realizes her dream of becoming a t eacher.Giving education a high value in her life. â€Å"A school teacher-I! I saw myself sitting back like a lady at my desk, the children, their eyes on me, watching and waiting for me to call out the different ones to the board, to spell a word, or answer me a question. It was like looking up to the top of the highest skyscraper while down in the gutter† (Yezierska, 155). When she imagines what this one girl had done she realized thats what she wants. This teacher symbolizes a better life for Sara, a life Sara is determined to achieve. The only thing keeping her from achieving this is education.Education becomes what she believes to be the only gateway to the better life she wants. I becomes what defines her as her and changes her status. Finally starting her way to her dream she goes to school. While there she gets her dream and love of education rekindled. â€Å"There was one in the school who was what I dreamed a teacher to be- the principal, Mr. Hugo Seeling. He kept t hat living thing, that fame, that i used to worship as a child† (Yezierska, 270). The passion she describes here is what directly comes from her and her desire. She puts teaching and education on a pedestal just like hr father puts his faith.She strives to get that same identity with education as a teacher as her father does with the Torah and his religion. Even Fania compares them saying â€Å"Come, Bessie. Let’s leave her to her mad education. She’s worse than Father with his Holy Torah† (Yezierska, 178). This shows how strongly Sara really takes education in her life. Just like the Torah is her fathers identity this is hers'. Sara even when she was young believed in hard work. She wouldn’t hold herself to a lower standard even if it was easier. When she goes to buy herring from Muhmenkeh the elderly women offers to give them to her free.In which Sara replies â€Å"No–no! I’m no beggar! I want to go into business like a person. I mu st buy what I got to sell† (Yezierska, 21). Even as a young child Sara refuses to take the easy route and accept this charity. She wants to earn it for herself and rise above the life of a beggar. To not let herself be defined and lumped with the poor low lives that don’t take the initiative to do better in life. This hard work is what fuels her to achieve her dreams. As wonderful as living and being on her own is Sara quickly figures out how hard it is.Because in order to pursue her dream she must work hard in order to support herself while going to school. Not to mention give herself time to study and understand what she is learning in order to move on in school. â€Å"As you had to shut your eyes to the dirt, so you must shut your ears to the noise. A quietness within me soothed my tortured nerves. I turned to my books on the table, and with fierce determination to sink myself into my head, I began my lesson again† (Yezierska, 164). She pushes herself through this hard time unlike most people in hard times that just give up.Instead she pushes onward and later on sees the reward of her hard work. Through these hard ships they mold her more and more into who Sara Smolinsky is and becomes. With out this determination and freedom of thought she would never have created her identity for herself. There are many other factors throughout the book that take its toll on Sara’s life and shape the way she changes. Although these three are the most strongly associated with how she identifies herself because these are all characteristics that are unique to her. By the end of the book Sara has fully embraced these and discovered herself.

Being a Solomon Islander

I sit with my brothers and my cousins, watching our mothers stomp out the dance, their hips swaying and the dust kicked up by their bare feet settling in their hair. My mother seems to have been dancing for hours, her soft hair is covered in a fine layer of dirt, and her smile flashes every so often in my direction. The drums and pipes carry the light tone through the air and I clap with my brothers and cousins in beat with the motions of the dance, laughing and singing.Caught up in my own traditions, I can almost forget the voice of the missionary teacher who follows me each day as I join my older brothers in their daily journey to and from the waterside. I watch as they sail away from the shoreline, the long canoe gliding across the water. They can escape the confusing words of this colorless man who wears too many cloths and wonders still why he is hot. This man follows me and my friends as we trap lizards or play other boyish games, trying to dodge him and his talks of being burn ed in a volcano forever.My brothers tell me to ignore him, as they have. The missionary is not the threat, it is the kings who will take our homes and the food we eat. I hear my auntie telling my mother that morning as they prepared the pig for the feast later that evening, that the missionary plans to open a school and make me and my friends be students. My auntie told my mother, that my uncle feared they would teach us to be colorless too. For now though, we are away from the eyes of the missionary.My cousin says that he hides in his hut and prays for us to be thrown into a volcano when we dance. If only he could see my mother smiling and throwing her arms above her head. He does not look at us though, instead he follows and speaks of fire and his father, scaring my sisters and little brother. He scares me too but I will soon be a man, I am almost 9 already, I cannot show my fear. I will learn to laugh as my mother or walk away unhearing like my brothers and father.

Uniquely Feminine Action Scenes Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Uniquely Feminine Action Scenes - Research Paper Example When she was attacked, she held her leg up to the throat of her opponent while the camera was positioned on the floor looking up. Her crotch was right on the center and it made her legs look even longer. Barb Wire and Sucker Punch follow the model of Charlie’s Angels. These movies emphasize the curves instead of the muscles. In Sucker Punch, one of the most popular fight scene is the Samurai Battle. Babydoll (Browning) was dressed as a female sailor with a hemline that barely covers her butt. In more than one occasion, she slid through the air. Her body was parallel to the floor and the camera was just several inches away from body, locked in one position. It created an illusion that her body was sliding through the camera which put the audience in the closest possible proximity with her breasts, abs, crotch and legs. There are those who criticize Snyder for this, calling it a failed interpretation of feminism (Mencimer 4). Her argument is that the critics on the feminist fron t are correct. There are still specified parameters wherein violence for women is allowed and these parameters are generally set according to what men are able to put up with. Gina Arnold’s (3) view is very different and subscribes to the idea that the evolving female character is an inspiration and is a positive influence on women. According to Arnold, if we look at the elated reception received by Charlie’s Angels in shopping centres all over America, we can rightly assume that the viewing public are overjoyed to see women attaining a physically superior position when it comes to men. Also according to Arnold, a number of these movies present a more elegant approach when it comes to violence. She also writes that, without the... You will find that the way that Ripley in Alien has been portrayed affected how women are portrayed in general in action movies. Ever since the release of the first movie in 1979, there have been a strong wave of strong female heroines – â€Å"Terminator 1’s† – Linda Hamilton; â€Å"China O’Brien’s, Lady Dragon’s† Cynthia Rothrock; â€Å"Resident Evil’s† MillaJovovich; â€Å"Kill Bill’s Uma Thurman† are just a sampling of some of these. Unfortunately, Weaver’s talent is often eclipsed by her onscreen image. A number of websites take more notice of what she looks like than how she acts. It is not surprising for producers to use the beauty of women to in action movies. In Charlie’s Angels, there is the undeniable concentration to shoot from a lower angle, possibly to show that the women are superior to the scene and audience but, and this is more likely, to put emphasis on their breasts. There are a number of gratuitous shots of the women’s body and tight shots on their abs, legs, and lips. The fight scene has a high sexual element to it. They roll across the floor with open legs a number of times. In another shot, they are on their back struggling with their legs open. You could compare this shot to a rape scene. Even their exaggerated grunts, screams and moans are louder than any non-diagetic music in the scene.

Comparative Analysis of Keys to Successful Revenue Synergy Programmes Essay - 1

Comparative Analysis of Keys to Successful Revenue Synergy Programmes - Essay Example According to the paper  there is no ambiguity relatively in the difference of drivers and expectations of M&A functions changing with time and as per the ongoing economic environment. It is interesting to observe the market behaviour after the recuperation from the recession worldwide on whether companies are currently acquiring for achieving revenue synergies or cost synergies.From this study it is clear that the Kraft acquisition of Cadbury was projected to offer $1 Billion in Synergies, as declared by the Kraft Foods. The incremental revenue synergies of $1billion were excluded of $750 million to be achieved in cost synergies by 2013. These revenue synergies, according to the Kraft, would be derived from the business increase in developing regions from one/fourth of the total revenue to approximately touching one/third after the merger.  The confidence of the Company management is getting reflected from the acquisition, as it expects to become a long-run high-bracket performer in the food industry world wide. Presently, the Company is earning more than 50% of its revenue from outside North America, from countries like Brazil, China, India and Mexico, where GDP and demand growth are the most firm.  Kraft CEO, Irene Rosenfeld, also holds the same opinion from the â€Å"unique and complimentary combination† of Kraft and Cadbury, stating that, â€Å"together with our significant presence in high-growth developing markets, will deliver consistent growth in the top tier of our peer group†.

Recruitment and Staffing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Recruitment and Staffing - Essay Example One of the major ways of attracting potential employees is providing an integrated benefits scheme. Even though majority of the job applicants are keen on the amount of salaries paid, flexible benefits play a vital role of ensuring that qualified employees are attracted in an organisation. Such benefits include training, bonuses, promotion, insurance cover, holidays and inclusion of the employees in the decision making process. One of the major aspects that potential employees look for is the chance to develop (Wanous, 1992). It is worth to note that new graduates in the labor market do not only seek for employment opportunities that are in line with their skills but also they prefer companies that make them to develop. In this regard, companies should adopt part time training and postgraduate education as key ways of attracting potential employees. Another key way of attracting potential employees is through provision of adequate information that covers both the merits and demerits of the vacant jobs. This can be done through placing adverts in the newspapers and on the banners as well in the social sites. As the technology improves, companies have now embarked on creating websites where job applicants can look for vacant position and upload their resumes. In this way, a strong relationship between potential employees and employers is enhanced. Apart from undertaking a fair recruitment process, provision of rewards and other benefits are primary aspects that organisation should not overlook. In their job advertisements organisations should indicate the kind of benefits that potential employees will be exposed to. These include training, promotion, opportunities to develop, holidays, annual leave among other benefits. Additionally, companies should emulate internet as a major way of communicating with the potential employees based on the increased use of social sites especially by the young graduate seeking for employment

Budget Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Budget - Assignment Example The budget cuts across machinery $27 million, fire engines $32 million, fire education $10 million, servicing of the existing engines and machinery with the approximate cost $ 5 million, emergency cases among other miscellaneous costs (Ballam, 2013). After reading Bland’s book on which tax revenues are more likely to be budget neutral, I took some interest on capital improvement plan and the ways to finance the proposed project in government’s public sector as per the views of the publication called A Budgeting Guide for Local Government. In order to understand the ways of funding the given project in the capital development plan, one needs to get acquainted with the purpose of the intended project(s). The main drive of planning is to match and forecast projected capital and revenues needs over a given time frame, for instance a year, six months. The capital improvement plan is inclusive of information such as a listing of the capital projections or equipment intended to be purchased, the priority list for given project, the plan for funding the projects, the defense of the projects, as well as the elaboration of all the expenditures for the given projects (Bland, 2013). The fire department’s development plan that needed further analysis is the section concentrating on the financing choices for the project of around $1.3 million. Well-wishers, national government and local government can fund fire services’ projects using a pay as you use option. In the first option, the government depends on the existing revenue sources to fund different projects in the emergency services, fire department. These revenues get sourced from diversified sources such as current taxes, for example, petroleum taxes for highway developments, grants courts and reserves accumulated over time. When the needs to finance a definite project is more than the present revenue available to fund the project in question,

Media & Media Costs in Russia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Media & Media Costs in Russia - Essay Example Recently they have been known to show the kind of damage that can be caused by the vodka drink (Elder par. 1 ). For my target market, the television media would be more appropriate since it is still the most popular information source (TMFAR par. 3). The average cost of media has increased with the print media at a cost of 72.64 billion rubles. However, these have been raised by the introduction of internet services and social media in the country. It is because they have turned into remarkably significant fast and reliable communication tools with which information reaches a wide range of people within a short period. Nonetheless, owing to its accessibility the television still holds the first position while the internet comes third (Arapova par. 8). The means used in promotions and advertising are equally competitive with the television being the main advertising media used to reach the target market. Besides this, the sales promotions that are customarily used in Russia mainly include the internet. Most people in Russia are beginning to use the internet for different reasons (TMFAR par. 1-5). Arapova, Galina. Media freedom in the Russian regions? You must be joking†¦. Retrieved 21 March from Open democracy Russian

The Disciplines of Emergency Management Research Paper

The Disciplines of Emergency Management - Research Paper Example Mitigation function differs from other emergency management disciplines since it focuses on the long-term solutions rather than preparedness for hazards or short-term recovery from hazard event. The National Mitigation Framework is guided by four principles that include Resilience and Sustainability, Leadership, Locally focused implementation, Engaged partnership and Inclusiveness, and Risk-conscious culture (Haddow, Bullock & Coppola, 2013). My community has been involved in Hampton Roads Virginia Area emergency mitigation project since the community is vulnerable to hazards that threaten the lives of citizens and property in the area. The hazards cannot be eliminated and thus several actions were implemented to protect lives, property and built environment (Bumgarner, 2008). The first step was identification of threats and hazards in order to determine associated vulnerabilities and risks to the community. Some of the hazards that are present include floods, hurricanes, tropical storms, land subsidence, sea level rise. Repeated floods are common on Hampton Road Virginia area and this strains the existing federal resources and local authority resources in dealing with the disaster. Accordingly, Hampton road is used to transport hazardous materials and there has been more than 40 accidents involving transport of hazardous materials since 2000. In this case, appropriate measures should be put in place in order to reduce the possibility of spillage of hazardous materials after an accident (Jerolleman & Kiefer, 2012). Accordingly, an appropriate scientific methodology was used to determine the possibility of risk occurrence. The possibility of occurrence is high and the cost implications are high since floods and associated disasters destroy the existing road infrastructure and other related social amenities such as power lines. The

Global Contraflows - Morocco Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Global Contraflows - Morocco - Essay Example Global contraflows are a threat to Americanization. This is so because it enhances culture diversification that is contrary to what Americanization stands for. In the past U.S had dominated over the other cultures making the minority cultures to adopt their way of life thus deteriorating culture of individuals (Moran 67). Contraflows on the contrary provide avenues for culture exchange between two different regions thus nurturing culture and ensuring its maintenance. There is therefore need to rethink culture production (Pennycook 74). This is to ensure that productions are considerate of the ethics of other cultures. This is to ensure that they conform to the norms of the other cultures so as not to be faced with hostility when the product is aired (Thussu 86). This paper seeks to analyze whether the Gnawa music of Morocco had an impact on the social life of individuals globally and the role that media played in ensuring cultural exchange. Gnawa music was mostly experienced by the westerns who visited Morocco. This is due to the annual Gnawa festival that is held annually in one of the Moroccan beaches (Athique 49). This provided the visiting westerns with the chance to be able to experience cultural celebrations of the Moroccan people. This as well provided an avenue whereby the Moroccan people and the westerners could be able to exchange their culture (Kearey, Kleipes and Vine 53). This is because the performers went to perform having worn their full regalia that marks the celebration. This could offer the westerners with a chance to learn the culture of their hosts and at the same time the hosts could be able to learn through this interactions (Moran 65). With the advent of media, culture movement was further facilitated. This is because of the availability of equipment such as satellite televisions that made it

The US and Thailand Free

The US and Thailand Free Essay The US and Thailand Free commenced negotiations in respect of a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) on June 28, 2004. Approximately six rounds of talks between the two countries have been conducted pursuant to the FTA negotiations as of 2006. US Chamber of Commerce: Trade Policy) The overall intent is to liberalize â€Å"trade in goods, agriculture, and investment† and harmonization of intellectual property rights (Ahearn and Morrison, 2004) Ever since the founding of the World Trade Organization (WTO and its General Agreement on Trade and Services (GATT) developed nation member states, such as the US have adhered to the WTO’s policy to help developing and less developed member states such as Thailand improve their economic growth by entering into bilateral trade agreements with them. (Fbiosa et ales, 2005) Thailand has over the years demonstrated a keener willingness to open its markets to liberalized trade than many of the other Asian nations. This particularly so in the area of agriculture. Relations between Thailand and the US commenced as early as 1833 with the Trade and Amity and Commerce Agreement. (US Chamber of Commerce: Trade Policy) By 1966 the Treaty of Amity and Economic Relations was successfully negotiated between the two countries with each country granting the other equal trade treatment. (US Chamber of Commerce: Trade Policy) The 1966 Treaty came to an end in 2004, although extended by mutual agreement to December 2006, the FTA is intended to take its place. (US Chamber of Commerce: Trade Policy) Aside from the economic benefits to both countries, the US hoped to strengthen US-Thailand relations for the purpose of combating terrorism. This fact together with cultural differences, a political crisis in 2006, health concerns and Thailand’s relationship with other Asian nations have proven problematic for both countries in reaching a mutual agreement. (US Chamber of Commerce: Trade Policy) This paper examines the US-Thailand FTA Agreement, its history and its future track with reference to the difficulties that impede bringing the negotiations to a final conclusion. History and Background Thailand has long since been regarded as an ally of the US, a position that was only fortified during the Cold War period and strengthened even further following the terror attacks on the US on September 11, 2001. (Chanlett-Avery, 2006) The relationship between the US and Thailand has always been characterized by mutual trade and economic interests. (Chanlett-Avery, 2006) Following the 2001 terrorist attacks in the US the relationship took on a new dimension when it became obvious that Thailand shared, at least in part the US desire to fight terrorism in the Southeast Asian region. (Chanlett-Avery, 2006) These facts and circumstances together with Thailand’s strong economic and political ties to China puts Thailand in a position to have some influence in the Far East. (Chanlett-Avery, 2006) Recognizing the strategic economic and political position of Thailand in the Asia-Pacific area and its close ties with the US, President George Bush â€Å"designated† Thailand â€Å"as a major non-NATO ally in 2003. † (Chanlett-Avery, 2006) This designation is partly due to Thailand’s history of support to the US during the Cold War and partly due to its position with respect to the US counter terrorism initiatives. (Chanlett-Avery, 2006) Aside from sending troops to aide the US in its wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, Thailand authorities arrested a â€Å"high-profile† Islamic rebel in a â€Å"joint Thai-US operation† in 2003. (Chanlett-Avery, 2006) Co-existing with these diplomatic and amicable relations was the Treaty of Amity and Economic Relations between the US and Thailand which was signed in Bangkok on May 29th 1966. (US-Thai Treaty of Amity, 1966) The 1966 Treaty permits US citizens and companies incorporated in Thailand or in the US to hold all the shares in a business situated in Thailand and to conduct business in Thailand in the same manner as Thai citizens. There were certain restrictions on American investments including land holding, fiduciary services, communications, transportation, domestic agricultural trade and damaging natural resources. (US-Thai Treaty of Amity, 1966) The Treaty also provided favourable treatment to Thai businessmen upon application for entry visas into the US for business purposes. Moreover, there were no restrictions on repatriating funds to Thai by Thai business concerns in the US. (US-Thai Treaty of Amity, 1966) The Treaty of Amity and Economic Relations should have expired in September 2006 but was extended to a further period of 90 days bringing it to an end in December of 2006 instead. (US Chamber of Commerce: Trade Policy) In anticipation of the expiration of the Treaty of Amity and Economic Relations and the economic success of trade relations between the US and Thai, President Bush and Thai Prime Minister Thaskin announced on 19 October, 2003 plans to negotiate a bilateral trade agreement between the two countries. (Ahearn et ales, 2004) In March 2004, both countries announced that negotiations would commence in June of 2004. (Ahearn et ales, 2004) The first two rounds of negotiations took place in Thailand in 2004 with a third round taking place there in 2005. (Ahearn and Morrison, 2006) Fourth and Fifth rounds of negotiations were conducted in Montano on September 26-30, 2005 in Hawaii and earlier in the year at Montana on July 15. (Ahearn and Morrison, 2006) A sixth round was conducted in Thailand which ended all talks as a result of political unrests in Thailand. (Ahearn and Morrison, 2006) While some progress was made at the fifth round of talks in Hawaii, the remaining talks were for the most part unsuccessful. Essentially what was agreed to at the fifth round of talks was the removal of barriers to trade with the emphasis on tariffs with respect to goods crossing US borders to Thailand and vice versa. (Thailand’s Legal News Update, October, 2005) Both the United States and Thailand also agreed that Internet Service Providers should be included in all talks relative to intellectual property rights protection. (Thailand’s Legal News Update, October, 2005) Further agreement was made by the US to permit Thailand patent protection with respect to its rice and silk products. (Allison, 2006) The details of these agreements are discussed in much greater detail later on. The World Trade Review reported that the fourth round of negotiations held in Montana did not yield particulars of any specific agreements. However, the talks went well enough to ensure that both parties were likely to come to an arrangement at the fifth round of talks in Hawaii, (World Trade Review, 2005) which as previously noted did yield a consensus on tariffs and patent protection on rice and silk. In Montana, both US and Thai negotiating teams met with business representatives of Montana and were equally impressed with the importance of agricultural trade in the US. The negotiators also met with business officials within the telecommunications, financial, automobile, energy and additional service factions of the community. (World Trade Review, 2005) The World Trade Review believes that the results of this meeting and round of talks helped to pave the way for some agreement in the next round of talks. (World Trade Review, 2005) Be that as it may, relations between the US and Thailand were not without some difficulties. James A. Kelly, Assistant Secretary of State for East Asia and Pacific Affairs touched on a number of issues that were problematic for the US in his address to the Asia Foundation in Washington, D. C. on March 13, 2002. Noting that both countries shared a mutual interest in the concepts and benefits of security, liberty democracy and maintaining free and open trade markets Kelly also noted that there was a growing perception in Thailand that the US was either acting in bad faith or trying to take advantage of Thailand. (Kelly, 2002) Other problems were highlighted at the Bilateral Conference on United States-Thailand Relations in the 21st Century. (Bilateral Conference on United States-Thailand Relations in the 21st Century, 2002) The Bilateral Conference took place in Washington D. C. on March 11-13 under the auspices of 10 senior Thai government officials who met with American trade and government officials for the express purpose of debating the important isses within the context of a bilateral trade agreement. (Bilateral Conference on United States-Thailand Relations in the 21st Century, 2002) There was evidence of a strain in US-Thai relations following the US war with Vietnam from a Thai perspective. Many Thais felt that the US had neglected Thailand and felt even more disenchanted with the US following the Asian financial crisis of 1997 especially with respect tot he US’s the unduly strenuous conditions placed by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) with respect to Thailand’s aid relief. (Bilateral Conference on United States-Thailand Relations in the 21st Century, 2002) By the end of the 90s both political and economic relations between the two countries was quite often tense. (Bilateral Conference on United States-Thailand Relations in the 21st Century, 2002) The waning relationship was complicated by a failure on the US’s part to offer a viable loans system by way of financial relief via the IMF. Further complications arose out of the US’s failure to back-up the Thai Minister of Commerce and the Thai Deputy Prime Minister’s nominations to hold the post of World Trade Organization Secretary General in 1999. (Bilateral Conference on United States-Thailand Relations in the 21st Century, 2002) From the US’s perspective the Thai support of the US at the United Nations was weak if at all. (Bilateral Conference on United States-Thailand Relations in the 21st Century, 2002) Moreover, Thailand was reluctant to support the US position with respect to its EP-3 reconnaissance plane episode which involved China. (Bilateral Conference on United States-Thailand Relations in the 21st Century, 2002) The US also had concerns about Thailand’s position with respect to censorship in the media. Although following the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks in the US Thailand once again closed the gap between US and Thailand with its support. (Bilateral Conference on United States-Thailand Relations in the 21st Century, 2002) In the global context, Thailand’s difficulty arises out of a desire to balance its relationship with China with that of the US. The problem for the US is in diminishing China’s stronghold on the Asian region and Thailand found itself having to balance its priorities with respect to negotiating its relationships with both China and the United States. The difficulty for Thailand was maintaining some sort of neutrality in its relationships with both super powers. (Bilateral Conference on United States-Thailand Relations in the 21st Century, 2002) Thailand’s political and economical policies reflect a desire to regularize relations within its immediate region. Of particular interest to Thailand is the strengthening of its commercial ties to regions close to its borders. Its relationship with Burma which is characterized by a trend toward conciliatory approaches is largely problematic for the US. (Bilateral Conference on United States-Thailand Relations in the 21st Century, 2002) The US would prefer it if Thailand took an isolationist approach to Burma. The problem was summarized at the Bilateral Conference. Thailand maintained what it referred to as a â€Å"constructive interaction† with its neighbour Burma and this caused some tension with the United States who would have preferred that Thailand adapted an isolationist stance with Burma. (Bilateral Conference on United States-Thailand Relations in the 21st Century, 2002) The US was also suspicious that the Thai government was lending support to regions like Malaysia and Indonesia which the US regarded as unstable and supportive of terrorist factions. (Bilateral Conference on United States-Thailand Relations in the 21st Century, 2002) The US felt that the anti-American sentiments in Indonesia and Malaysia were at risk of spilling over into Thailand. Notably Thailand Prime Minister Thaksin had been elected into office after running an â€Å"anti-American platform† and there was a concern that Thailand was faltering in its support of the United States on its anti-terrorism policies. (Bilateral Conference on United States-Thailand Relations in the 21st Century, 2002) Be that as it may, the US and Thailand had similar economic and political goals. The best approach was therefore thought to be a bilateral trade agreement. (Bilateral Conference on United States-Thailand Relations in the 21st Century, 2002)